ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Synthesis of fluorine-doped LiNi_0.8Zn_0.15Al_0.05O_3-δ cathode material for energy storage application

Sana Sabahat, Iqra Munawar Satti, Aamir Nawaz, Fazila Nazir, and Ammara Shahid

Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan

E-mail: s.sabahat@comsats.edu.pk

Received: 7 December 2024  Accepted: 12 September 2025

Abstract:

Various energy storage materials have been fabricated for electric vehicles and portable devices. Most rely on lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density, low self-discharge, and long-lasting durability. Lithium (Li) is a vital material used in rechargeable batteries, making it essential for modern energy production and storage. With rising demand and limited supply, lithium has become an economically important resource. In this study, we synthesized LiNi_0.8Zn_0.15Al_0.05O_3-δ (LNZA) structure, in which the ‘O’ site of LNZA is partially substituted by fluorine (F). The materials LiNi_0.8Zn_0.15Al_0.05O_3-δ (LNZA) and LNZAF_0.3 were synthesized using a solid-state reaction and sintered at 520 °C for 5 h. Following cooling, the sintered mixture was grounded uniformly and underwent a second sintering process at 810 °C for 5 h. The physical properties and microstructure of the LNZ and LNZAF materials were analyzed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ohmic conduction is property of conductors, while non-ohmic conduction is linked with nonconductors. However, IV measurements were performed with a Keithley sourceMeter, and the results displayed a semi-linear relationship at consistent intervals. These materials are found ideal choices for energy storage devices, their straight line at different intervals, indicates that they have excellent electrical and charge conduction properties like semiconductor materials.

Graphical abstract

Keywords: LiNi0.8Zn0.15Al0.05O3-δ; Fluorine-doped LiNi0.8Zn0.15Al0.05O3-δ; Semiconductor materials; Non-ohmic conduction; Energy storage materials

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04384-y

Chemical Papers 80 (1) 205–213 (2026)