ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

A photonic approach on a solid-state semi-organic lithium 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate dihydrate crystals for device parameter analyses

V. Kayalvizhi, M. Divya Bharathi, K. Subhikksha, Paavai Era, F. Mary Anjalin, Muthumareeswaran Muthuramamoorthy, Shofiur Rahman, A. Raja, A. Shameem, and RO. MU. Jauhar

Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India

E-mail: jauharphysicist@gmail.com

Received: 14 July 2025  Accepted: 23 September 2025

Abstract:

Crystals throughout the years reported in the literature are high in quality and have shown good results experimentally when compared with other nanomaterials. But practically there are minimal defects, impurities and inhomogeneities by nature due to their physical or chemical conditions which can be observed and measured by their properties. Most of the physical properties are sensitive to deviation from ideality. Hence, theoretical outsourcing is mandatory in addition to their experimental characteristic properties. The essential component of defective crystal can be described, confronted and explained by their mechanism of growth, composition of crystallographic structure and properties along their molecular bonding insight, respectively. The peer-grown crystals of lithium 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoate dihydrate are subjected to standard conventional characterization procedures followed by their theoretical evaluations on the elementary electrochemical parameters using solid-state analyses and electron transport-dependent dielectric functions which were carried out at different temperatures to prove the anisotropic nature of the grown crystals, the photoabsorption characteristics using electro-optic measurements that reveal its absorption coefficient along with the refractive index and extinction coefficient, thermal characteristics using kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric data revealing the activation energy, enthalpy and Gibb’s free energy of the grown crystal. Moreover, the dc conductivity of the material was also calculated from the Nyquist’s plot by impedance analysis for material’s suitability for the photonic applications and the fracture mechanic from hardness analysis to showcase the mechanical stability of the grown crystal.

Keywords: Conductivity; Activation energy; Electron transport; Penn energy; Fracture toughness

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04402-z

Chemical Papers 80 (1) 437–448 (2026)