ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Eco-friendly fabrication of silver nanoparticles via Acacia mangium: Exploring antioxidant and antibacterial potentials

Abdul Aji, Mutiara Lasendo, Muhammad Y. Saputra, Refsya A. Putri, and Tantri L. Nareswari

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, Indonesia

E-mail: abdul.aji@km.itera.ac.id

Received: 1 December 2024  Accepted: 17 April 2025

Abstract:

The utilization of plant extracts for synthesizing silver nanoparticles has rapidly emerged as a preferred approach over conventional physicochemical techniques, owing to its ease of use, eco-friendliness, energy efficiency, rapid reaction rate, and enhanced environmental sustainability. This work aimed to produce stable AgNPs derived from Acacia mangium leaf extract (AgNPs-Am) and evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy. The formation of AgNPs-Am was verified through analyses including UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM-SAED, and DLS. AgNPs-Am were optimally produced by mixing 1.0 mM AgNO₃ with a leaf extract-to-AgNO₃ ratio of 1:2 (v/v) at 70 °C for 3 h. When stored at 4 °C, the synthesized AgNPs-Am remained stable for up to 6 months. FTIR analysis revealed that biomolecules derived from Acacia mangium were effectively anchored onto the AgNPs surface, enhancing their stability. The TEM image showed uniformly spherical AgNPs-Am with a size of 10.57 ± 4.28 nm. An evaluation of antioxidant activity showed that AgNPs-Am had better free radical scavenging activity than Acacia mangium leaf extract. Antibacterial activity tests revealed that AgNPs-Am exhibited strong activity against E. coli and S. aureus, showing inhibition zones of 20.6 and 16.2 mm, respectively. The high bioactivity of AgNPs-Am highlights their potential applications in healthcare, particularly in antimicrobial treatments, as well as environmental management for water purification and pollutant degradation.

Keywords: Biomethanol; Nanomaterial; Nanoparticle Synthesis; Natural Products; Nanoparticles; Plant Materials; Silver nanoparticles; Acacia mangium; Antioxidant; Antibacterial

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-025-04074-9

Chemical Papers 79 (7) 4521–4537 (2025)